What Is the Difference Between AGV and AMR ?

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When it comes to warehouse logistics robots, I believe most practitioners will think of A GV, but in recent years, another concept A MR has also been widely mentioned. Both A GV and A MR can realize material handling. What is the difference between the two?

AGV stands for Automated Guided Vehicle, meaning automated guided vehicle, while AMR stands for Automated Mobile Robot , meaning autonomous mobile robot. As the names suggest, unlike the automated guidance of AGVs , AMRs emphasize autonomous mobility, deemphasizing their vehicle attributes in favor of their robotic attributes. AGVs ' navigation and guidance methods often rely on external devices, such as electromagnetic sensors and QR codes. This means AGVs require pre-set markers to plan their routes. If they encounter obstacles during operation, they must cease operations. AMRs, on the other hand, use data captured by cameras and various sensors to autonomously plan their routes. They can detect and perceive the surrounding environment and choose the most efficient path to their destination. If they encounter obstacles during their journey, AMRs can use sensors to sense environmental changes in real time and circumvent them, without the need for external equipment. Once the business or operation tasks change, it will be troublesome for traditional A GV , which means that external auxiliary navigation equipment is needed for redeployment or transformation. For A MR , only adjustments need to be made to the software to adapt to the ever-changing business needs. In terms of multi-machine collaboration, A GV is prone to congestion and queues due to the constraints of external equipment, while A MR is more flexible and can pass through any area without obstacles. Because A MR has the ability of depth perception, dynamic path planning and autonomous obstacle avoidance, it is safer in a dynamic and complex human-machine collaborative environment.

Although AMRs are technologically superior to AGVs and are often considered a replacement for them, their popularity remains unabated, both within the industry and in the capital markets. There are many reasons for this, with cost being a primary one. While AMRs have a technological advantage, cost is a more significant issue for factories. Compared to AMRs, AGVs' cost disadvantage lies primarily in post-deployment and subsequent maintenance. However, in today's industrial landscape, cost-performance remains key, and in many cases, AGVs offer a more cost-effective solution. AMRs are suited to operations in complex, dynamic environments, not just in manufacturing. They have already found application in the logistics industry, and as the application of technologies like AI matures in the AMR field, their application in the commercial and service industries is also becoming increasingly widespread.